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=== Variables === In Elixir, variables are dynamically bound to values, allowing them to be reassigned and hold different types of data. Variable names in Elixir must start with a lowercase letter or an underscore (_). They can contain lowercase letters, uppercase letters, numbers, and underscores. Here's an example of variable assignment: ```elixir x = 42 ``` Variables can also be pattern-matched to extract values from other data structures, such as tuples and maps, or to assign multiple variables simultaneously: ```elixir {a, b} = {1, 2} ``` Multiple assignments can also be done using the pin operator (^) to keep a variable's current value: ```elixir x = 1 ^x = 2 ``` When a variable is redefined within a more nested scope, it creates a new binding that shadows the outer binding: ```elixir x = 1 if true do x = 2 end IO.puts(x) ```
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