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=== Basics of Git === Git operates on a repository-based model, where each project has its own repository. A repository is a centralized location where all the project's files and their change history are stored. Git tracks changes on a file level, making it efficient and flexible for developers to work simultaneously on different parts of a project. A Git repository consists of several key components: 1. **Commits**: A commit is a snapshot of the files in the repository at a specific point in time. Each commit has a unique identifier and contains information such as the author, date, and a commit message providing a brief description of the changes made. 2. **Branches**: Branches are independent lines of development within a repository. They allow developers to work on different features or bug fixes in parallel, without directly affecting the main codebase. Git makes branching and merging seamless, enabling teams to collaborate on different aspects of a project efficiently. 3. **Tags**: Tags are labels assigned to specific commits to mark significant milestones in the project's history, such as releases or major updates. Unlike branches, tags are immutable and serve as fixed reference points to specific versions of the codebase. 4. **Remote Repositories**: Git supports remote repositories, enabling developers to collaborate with others over a network. Remote repositories serve as shared locations where team members can push changes and pull updates from.
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