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=== Components === A quantum circuit is composed of several key components: ==== Qubits ==== A **qubit** is the fundamental unit of quantum information. Unlike classical bits, which can only represent a 0 or a 1, qubits can exist in a superposition of both states simultaneously. This property allows quantum circuits to perform powerful computations that classical computers cannot achieve efficiently. ==== Gates ==== **Quantum gates** are the building blocks of quantum circuits. They operate on qubits, manipulating their quantum states. Quantum gates include operations such as the Hadamard gate, Pauli gates (X, Y, Z), CNOT (controlled-NOT) gate, and many others. These gates are used to perform various operations like entanglement, superposition, and quantum teleportation. ==== Measurements ==== In order to extract classical information from a quantum system, measurements are performed. A **measurement** is represented by a measurement gate, which collapses the quantum state of a qubit to a classical bit value (0 or 1). Measurements are crucial for obtaining the final result of a quantum computation.
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