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=== Features === The Erlang Virtual Machine offers several notable features: * '''Concurrency and Parallelism''': BEAM provides lightweight processes, also known as Erlang processes, which can be spawned and executed concurrently. These processes are lightweight compared to operating system threads and can scale to millions. The virtual machine scheduler efficiently manages the execution of these processes, allowing for high levels of concurrency and parallelism. * '''Fault Tolerance''': The Erlang philosophy heavily emphasizes fault tolerance. BEAM incorporates mechanisms such as isolated process memory, message passing, supervision trees, and the "let it crash" philosophy to build resilient systems. It enables developers to write fault-tolerant code that can handle errors gracefully and recover from failures. * '''Hot Code Upgrades''': One of the unique features of BEAM is its ability to perform hot code upgrades, allowing developers to update running systems without any downtime. This feature is crucial for systems that require continuous operation and cannot afford interruption during updates. * '''Garbage Collection''': BEAM employs a sophisticated garbage collector that automatically manages memory allocation and deallocation. The garbage collector uses a combination of generational and incremental garbage collection techniques, minimizing pause times and ensuring optimal memory usage. * '''Distributed Computing''': The Erlang ecosystem encourages distributed computing and provides built-in support for creating distributed systems. BEAM includes robust distribution mechanisms that enable the seamless communication and coordination of processes across multiple nodes in a cluster.
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