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=== Examples === Here are some examples to illustrate how pattern matching works in Elixir: <code># Matching on atoms match :ok do :ok -> "Success!" :error -> "Error!" end</code> <code># Matching on tuples match {:ok, result} do {:ok, value} -> "Received value: #{value}" {:error, reason} -> "Received error: #{reason}" end</code> <code># Matching on lists match [head | tail] do [] -> "Empty list" [first] -> "List with one element: #{first}" [first, second] -> "List with two elements: #{first}, #{second}" [first, second | rest] -> "List with more than two elements" end</code> <code># Matching with variables and guard clauses defmodule Math do def sum(a, 0), do: a def sum(a, b) when b > 0 do a + b end def sum(a, b) do a - b end end</code>
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