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=== Custom Guards === In addition to the built-in guards, Elixir also allows developers to define their own custom guards. Custom guards are implemented as functions returning a boolean value and can be used in function definitions. Here is an example of a function definition with a custom guard: ```elixir defmodule Math do def even(x) when rem(x, 2) == 0 do true end end ``` In this example, the `even/1` function is defined with a custom guard that checks if the argument `x` is an even number by using the `rem/2` function to calculate the remainder when dividing `x` by 2. If the remainder is equal to 0, the guard returns `true`, indicating that the number is indeed even. Custom guards can greatly enhance the expressiveness and readability of Elixir code, allowing developers to create functions with specialized conditions tailored to their specific needs.
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