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== Elixir Error Handling == [[File:Elixir-logo.svg|thumb|right|Elixir Programming Language Logo]] '''Error handling''' in '''Elixir programming language''' is an essential aspect of writing robust and fault-tolerant code. Elixir provides several mechanisms to handle errors and exceptions gracefully, ensuring the stability and reliability of applications. === Try-Catch === In Elixir, the primary mechanism for error handling is the '''try-catch''' block. This construct allows developers to encapsulate code that may potentially raise exceptions and provides a way to handle those exceptions in a controlled manner. The syntax for a try-catch block is as follows: ``` try # code that may raise exceptions catch # error handling logic end ``` === Raising Exceptions === In Elixir, exceptions can be raised explicitly using the '''raise''' function. This allows developers to explicitly indicate exceptional conditions within their code. The '''raise''' function takes an exception as an argument and can include additional information about the error. The basic syntax for raising an exception is: ``` raise ExceptionType, message, stacktrace ``` === Rescue Clauses === Within a try-catch block, developers can define '''rescue clauses''' to handle specific types of exceptions. A '''rescue clause''' consists of a pattern match that specifies the exception type to handle, followed by the error handling code. Elixir allows multiple rescue clauses in a try-catch block, with each clause handling a specific type of exception. The general syntax for a rescue clause is as follows: ``` rescue pattern -> # error handling code ``` === Finally Clauses === In addition to '''rescue clauses''', Elixir provides '''finally clauses'''. '''Finally clauses''' are executed regardless of whether an exception occurred or not. This is useful when handling resources that need to be cleaned up, regardless of the outcome of the code within the try block. The syntax for a '''finally clause''' is: ``` after # code that should always be executed ``` === Custom Exception Types === Elixir allows developers to define custom exception types to handle specific scenarios within their applications. By defining custom exception types, developers can have more granular control over exception handling and provide more meaningful error messages. Custom exception types can be defined using the '''defexception''' macro. The syntax for defining a custom exception type is: ``` defmodule CustomException do defexception message: "A custom exception occurred." end ``` === Handling Errors with Supervisors === In Elixir, '''supervisors''' are used to handle errors and restart processes when exceptions occur. A '''supervisor''' is a process that monitors and restarts child processes, ensuring that the application remains in a known and stable state. By leveraging supervisors, developers can build fault-tolerant systems that automatically recover from errors. More information on supervisors can be found in the [[Supervisors|Supervisors]] article. === Conclusion === Effective error handling is crucial for building stable and robust applications in Elixir. With mechanisms such as try-catch blocks, custom exception types, and supervisors, developers have the necessary tools to handle errors gracefully and ensure the overall reliability of their applications. == See Also == * [[Supervisors|Supervisors]] * [[Elixir Syntax]] * [[Elixir Concurrency]] [[Category:Elixir Programming Language]]
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