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== Ruby == [[File:Ruby logo.png|thumb|The Ruby programming language logo]] Ruby is a dynamic, open-source programming language designed for simplicity and productivity. Developed in the mid-1990s by Yukihiro Matsumoto, commonly known as Matz, Ruby has gained popularity for its readable and elegant syntax. It is often described as a Language that prioritizes the happiness of programmers, emphasizing ease of use and natural expression. === Features === * [[Object-oriented programming|Object-Oriented]]: Ruby is a pure object-oriented language, where everything is an object. It supports features like classes, inheritance, and polymorphism. * [[Dynamic typing|Dynamic Typing]]: Ruby uses dynamic typing, allowing variables to be assigned values of any type without explicit declaration. * [[Garbage collection (computer science)|Garbage Collection]]: Memory management is handled automatically by Ruby's garbage collector, eliminating the need for manual memory allocation and deallocation. * [[Interpreted language|Interpreted]]: Ruby code is executed by the language's interpreter, making it highly portable across different operating systems and platforms. === Syntax === Ruby's syntax is designed to be both concise and expressive, allowing programmers to write code that is easy to read and understand. Some key syntax features include: * Method calls: `object.method_name(argument1, argument2)` * String interpolation: `"#{variable}"` * Blocks and iterators: `array.each { |item| puts item }` * Classes and objects: ``` class MyClass def initialize(name) @name = name end def greet puts "Hello, #{@name}!" end end ``` * Modules: `module MyModule; end` === Community and Ecosystem === Ruby boasts a vibrant and active community of developers who actively contribute to its growth and development. This has led to the creation of numerous open-source libraries and frameworks that extend Ruby's capabilities. Some popular Ruby libraries and frameworks include: * [[Ruby on Rails|Ruby on Rails (Rails)]]: A web application framework known for its convention-over-configuration approach. * Sinatra: A lightweight web framework for building simple, domain-specific applications. * RSpec: A behavior-driven development (BDD) framework for writing tests in Ruby. * Bundler: A dependency manager that helps manage project dependencies and versions. === Conclusion === Ruby is a powerful and flexible programming language that prioritizes programmer happiness. Its elegant syntax, extensive community support, and wide range of libraries and frameworks make it an excellent choice for building a variety of applications. By combining simplicity with productivity, Ruby continues to be a popular language in the world of software development.
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